• Produk-Produk Treasury

Exchange Traded versus Over the Counter Market

• Komponen dari Produk-Produk Treasury

Securitisation Forwards Optionality

• Cash Instruments

Spot FX Transactions, Forward FX Transactions FX Rate Swap, Loans & Deposits Bonds, Equity Trading Commodity Trading

• Derivative Instruments

Interest Rate Swaps, Currency Swaps Forward Rate Agreement (IR Forward) Option Contracts

• Fair Value and the Marking To Market of Treasury Products

What is MTM and FV? The issues with FV Accounting Importance of fair value in accounting for treasury products Accounting uses of fair value Performance measurement Carrying value Disclosure Fair Value vs Accrued Value

• Inherent Risks In Treasury

Market risk, Liquidity risk, Credit risk Operational risk, Strategic & Business risk Legal & Compliance risk, Reputational risk

• Internal Control Framework

Inherent Risks in using exchange traded derivatives OTC contracts The management and control system Control Risks Role of Internal Audit Role of External Audit

• Auditing Framework, Objectives of Auditing, External Audit versus Internal Audit
• Financial Auditing, Operational Auditing, The Audit Approach Identifying and Measuring the Risk Factors

Identifying and documenting the management and control system Identifying the aspects of the management and control system at risk Reviewing the adequacy of the management and control system

• Designing The Audit Work Program

Identify key risks Identify key aspects of internal control system Review adequacy of key parts of internal control system Identify attributes affected by risks Test validity of attributes at risk

• Carrying Out The Audit Work Key Audit Issues with Treasury

Completely recorded in timely manner Off premises trading Unauthorized trading Trading vs hedging designation Intra day position breaches Monitoring near to settlement trades Monitoring of liquidity risk Deposit and margin reconciliations Valuation and liquidity, Concentration of transactions

• Audit Techniques